过滤器模型，由英国著名心理学家(D．E．Broadbent)提出。他认为，来自外界的信息是大量的，但人的感觉通道接受信息的能力以及高级中枢加工信息的能力是有限的，因而对外界大量的信息需要进行过滤和调节。过滤按照“全或”的原则，只允许一条通道上的信息经过并进行加工，其余通道则全部关闭。

Broadbent's filter model
 Through his own empirical contributions and his careful analyses of the findings of others, Broadbent demonstrated that experimental psychology could reveal the nature of cognitive processes. In his hands, an information processing approach to understanding attention, perception, memory, and performance was exceptionally illuminating, and helped initiate and fuel the paradigm shift known as the "cognitive revolution."